ABSTRACT
It was an ordinary Saturday in Berlin. People in the divided city did what they had been doing since the end of Second World War. They visited friends and families in all parts of the city. At one minute past midnight on Sunday, August 13, a secret mission, “Operation Rose,” was put into action by the leaders of East Germany. Hundreds of East German soldiers arrived at the borderline between East and West Berlin. They began digging up the roads and tearing down bridges. By 5 a.m., they had closed the border so that no one could cross over into East Berlin. The Berlin Wall was made of reinforced concrete and stood 12 feet high and almost 4 feet wide. Great Britain, the United States, and France hated the building of the wall, but the agreement had been made that the Soviet Union would rule over this part of Germany.
