ABSTRACT
The political demands expressed by the urban riots and their relation with the issue of citizenship can only be properly understood, however, as the outgrowth of particular historical processes in each society. Rioters and elite responses to their riots are the main themes through which the discussion of citizenship in the two Republics is proposed here. The actions of rioters usually expressed themes of social conflict in each case, and help us to understand the limits of the broadening of political participation that was being proposed in these respective formative republican periods. Let us start by making a few assertions about the main points in common of the riots studied. It is, however, through the study of the political developments in each society that the understanding of the relation between the demands expressed by the rioters and the issue of citizenship becomes possible.
