ABSTRACT
Before we discuss the requirements of the standard, some important terms need to be defined in order to understand the OHSMS [Source: ISO 45001:2018, ISO 19011:2018]:
Audit: Systematic, independent, and documented process for obtaining evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which the audit criteria are fulfilled
Audit findings: Results of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against audit criteria
Competence: Ability to apply skills, knowledge, and experience to successfully achieve intended results
Conformity: Fulfilment of a requirement
Consultation: Seeking views and opinions before making a decision Continual improvement: Ongoing effort to enhance performance Corrective action: Action to eliminate the cause(s) of nonconformity or an incident and to prevent a recurrence
Documented information: Information required to be controlled and maintained by the organisation, and the medium in which it is contained
Hazard: Potential source of injury and/or ill health
Incident: Occurrence arising out of a work-related activity that could or does result in injury and/or ill health
Injury and ill health: Adverse effect on the physical, mental, or cognitive condition of workers, which the organisation should try to avoid
12 Interested party: Person or organisation that can affect, be affected, or perceive itself to be affected by the decisions and activities of the organisation
Management system: A set of interrelated policies, procedures, and responsibilities organised into a structured system of processes to help the organisation to realise and achieve its goals and objectives
Nonconformity: Non-fulfilment of a requirement
Objective: Result to be achieved
Objective evidence: Data supporting the existence or verity of something
Occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS): A management system for achieving OHS policy and objectives
Opportunity: Circumstance or set of circumstances that can lead to improvement
Outsource: Arrangements with an external organisation to perform part of the organisation’s process
Participation: Involvement in decision-making processes such as attending OHS committee meetings and management review meetings (MRMs)
Policy: A formal document expressed by the top management defining the intentions and direction of the organisation
Procedure: Specified way to carry out a process
Process: Set of interrelated activities which transform inputs to outputs
Requirement: Needs and expectations (obligatory or generally implied) that are required to be met
Risk: Effect of uncertainty that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative impact
Risk assessment: The overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk and deciding whether the risk is tolerable
Top management: A person or group of persons responsible for directing the organisation at the highest level within the scope of the OHSMS
Worker: Person performing tasks under the control of the organisation. It includes managerial and non-managerial workers, workers of external providers, contractors, and agency workers
