ABSTRACT
This brief concluding chapter restates the main argument about the modernity and systemic nature of racism, and summarises the arguments presented in each chapter. It provides further reflection about the prospects in the present for challenging and potentially overcoming racism (in what seems to be, at the moment, a far-distant future), despite its obduracy. The historical and transformative impact of the civil rights movement is discussed briefly (with reference to Alexander’s arguments in The Civil Sphere), and it is suggested that the Black Lives Matter movement is playing an important global anti-racism role in the present.
