ABSTRACT
Building on the ‘twin doctoral journey’ typically characterising doctoral learning experiences, this chapter proposes an extended model specific to the international scholars’ journey. Drawing upon metacognition and Self-Determination Theory, this model helps consolidate various doctoral concepts while highlighting the roles of intercultural engagement, intercultural competence and intercultural relations in raising intercultural awareness – viewed as extra ‘routes’ in the PhD abroad journey. This chapter then offers a diagrammatic representation of a conceptual model not only to depict the international experience but to foster a holistic PhD development for the international cohort.
