ABSTRACT
This chapter shows how ambidextrous organizations can be developed by human resource departments. Empirical research has shown that this type of organizational design is best for producing both incremental and radical innovations. The dynamic perspective attempts to explain what promotes an organization’s competitive position over time through innovation and growth. Co-creation involves working together to promote knowledge processes and innovation. Material resources and technology are social mechanisms of the economic subsystem; power is a social mechanism of the political subsystem; fundamental norms and values are a social mechanism of the cultural subsystem; and human relationships are a social mechanism of the social subsystem. The difficulty of discovering social mechanisms and distinguishing them from processes may be partly explained by the fact that social mechanisms are also processes. The systemic position thus attempts to bridge the gap between methodological individualism and methodological collectivism, which is considered the classic controversy in historical – and social sciences.
