ABSTRACT
This chapter analyses the PRC’s involvement in the Arctic region from the perspective of one of the most important features of China’s national strategy – the Comprehensive National Security Outlook. Specifically, the chapter considers four key types of security from within this outlook. First, it examines military security, delving into how the Chinese armed forces, the PLA, perceive the Arctic and the rationale behind its interests in the region. This section also includes a focus on Chinese strategic science in the Arctic as a tool that can aid the Chinese Party-state in enhancing its understanding and situational awareness of the region. Second, the chapter explores economic security and Chinese efforts to engage in Arctic resource extraction (such as hydrocarbons and minerals) and commercial shipping, primarily through the development of the Polar Silk Road. Third, it discusses technological security and elucidates the Chinese perspective on leveraging the Arctic for testing and developing cutting-edge technologies and manufacturing capabilities. This includes the deployment of unmanned systems and the construction of ice-class ships. Lastly, the chapter addresses political security, which constitutes a fundamental aspect of China’s Comprehensive National Security Outlook. It examines how China’s engagement in the Arctic can contribute to regime stability by fostering economic development and attaining international status and prestige.
