ABSTRACT
The first chapter deals with the theoretical background. While the most important key concept of this book is “border regime,” I deal first with the theory and the role of the border itself, followed by the definition of “border regime” and its constituent elements (passport administration, border surveillance, etc.). The history of border regimes are discussed in this book in the framework of territorialisation and globalisation. Therefore, their meaning and interconnectedness are also part of the analysis, along with their brief historical development and their relationship with political power. The most obvious link between territorialisation and borders is the increasingly divisive role of borders, so it is important to explore the reasons that border regimes tighten up. This leads us to the state’s monopolies on violence and on the control over the means of legitimate movement, which are also closely connected. The borderland has its own violence potential, and it is equally important to examine the response of the population to the state violence. The control of the legitimate movement resulted in an “identification revolution,” or passportisation. This is why citizenship became important. Just as borders divide geographical space, citizenship—as a legal border—divides people. Therefore, historical development of the citizenship of European states is also discussed.
