ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the relation between ‘history’ and ‘memory’ on the one hand and the role of ‘memory’ in the formation of nations on another. In particular, the ideas of Guenther Roth, Johann Martin Chladni, Herald Plumb, and Reinhart Koselleck are briefly observed. The notion of ‘collective memory’, coined by M. Halbwachs, and the role of ritual in the process of social cohesion developed by E. Durkheim are also analyzed, together with A. Bergson’s views on a memory as a personal and subjective experience. At the end of the chapter, the terms ‘communicative memory’ and ‘cultural memory’, offered by J. Assmann, are observed.
