ABSTRACT
Citizenship, whether acquired through birth or naturalization, awards a package of rights all at once; awarding citizenship is a serious matter and a closely guarded process. Citizenship tests function not only as part of the ritual of naturalization but also as potential barriers and immigration controls. The degree to which rights are enumerated and extended, the levels of citizenship, and the prevalence and practice of voting determine to a large extent the framework in which all Indigenous cultures exist worldwide. Psychologists have taken an interest in voting as both a cognitive process and a social practice. Taking rights, citizenship, and voting in order, a first and very typical activity is to personally enumerate rights, either as a list of known or expected rights or as a theoretical exercise. For voting, set up a simulated election, utilize a variety of voting methods, and compare and discuss both the results and the perception of fairness of each.
