ABSTRACT
Following the scientific crises such as “Russell’s paradox” in mathematics and the “ether paradox” and “ultraviolet disaster” in physics in the late 19th century, the 20th century witnessed a more serious crisis in the social field caused by negative consequences from the applications of science, and the survival crisis of both people and society, which had sparked extensive discussions among scholars and triggered the emergence of the ideological trend of irrationalism. Those who advocate irrationalism, or irrationalists, are questioning the Western civilization based on reason and science after seeing the aftermaths of two world wars and economic depressions, and reflecting on rationalism and scientism. But they reduce science as an unreasonable cause by exaggerating its unreasonable factors, thus drawing a lot of criticism. In this context, they take it as their mission to defend the legitimacy of irrationalism.
