ABSTRACT
A personification of chivalric virtue, Les Neuf Preux (the Nine Worthies) were established by the French author Jacques de Longuyon in his Les Voeux du Paon, written ca. 1312. He was commissioned by Thiébaut de Bar (ca. 1260–1312), bishop of Liège, to write Les Voeux du Paon (The Vows of the Peacock). 1 The appeal of chivalric virtue with its foundation in Christian ethics and romance literature had an enduring appeal within the cultures of northern Europe.
