ABSTRACT
Organizational-based policy instruments include a broad range of governing tools which rely upon the use of government and non-governmental institutions and personnel to affect policy output delivery and policy process change. There is a wide variety of substantive organizational tools available to affect both the production and consumption/distribution of goods and services in society. However, these generally fall into two main types, depending on the proximity of their relationship to government and, hence, the ability of the government to control the effects of their utilization: direct government and quasi-governmental or societally based organizational tools. Procedural organizational tools generally involve techniques such as the organization and reorganization of government agencies and policy processes in order to affect key parameters of governmental activity and that of the policy communities’ governments face in making public policies.
