ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the different variations of extractivism and their implications in terms of land, labour and nature and puts forward the notion of green extractivism. It shows that there isn’t a unique way of expropriating and extracting commodities based on natural resources. The emergence of climate change narratives and its implications for the capitalist system call to go beyond efficiency-driven extractivism and further analyse the implications of green policies. New strategies of capital accumulation arise through the creation of new commodities, vehicles of accumulation and legitimation strategies. By using the extractivism framework, it is possible to grasp how emission rights are expropriated, transformed into carbon permits and transferred in favour of external accumulation. Mozambique’s climate change policy implementation shows that green policies imply, beyond resource grabbing, the extraction and expropriation of emission rights from rural poor. This asymmetric exchange relation is the base of the new variation of extractivism, green extractivism, which constitutes the process of extracting and expropriating emission rights by cutting into the necessary consumption of rural poor while feeding and legitimizing external capital accumulation with adverse implications to extractive regions.
