ABSTRACT
This chapter studies how Louis and his loyal supporters elaborated on existing modes of prophetic rhetoric to give shape to a culture of reciprocal correction and shared responsibility between himself and his elites. Building upon existing modes of prophetic rhetoric used under Charlemagne, Louis and his loyal elites repeatedly sought and claimed to have received revelation and published these efforts throughout his early reign to justify official actions. Louis’ revelatory claims were publicized to reinforce his imperial authority, and the culture of mutual correction and collaboration that he encouraged increased the acceptability of prophecy in politics. That same widening use and broad acceptability diminished the ability of the imperial court to monopolize the interpretation and control of the sources of divine communication. As time went on and the political circumstances changed, along with the very nature of Carolingian political discourse, Louis effectively authorized his own opposition. To contextualize the statements and claims in Louis’ name, we will survey the thoughts and works promulgated by individuals in and connected to Louis’ court and the growing discourse regarding the interpretation and application of revelation. This chapter focuses on works of Agobard of Lyon, Theodulf of Orleans, Walahfrid Strabo, and other anonymous authors, in addition to the conciliar statements and imperial proclamations originating in the court.
