ABSTRACT
This chapter delves into effective strategies for tackling the urgent challenge of excessive material consumption by examining the “reduce, reuse, recycle” concept. Reducing consumption is the crucial first step followed by the strategy of reuse, emphasizing the importance of product design. This chapter comprehensively explores recycling, the final strategy. It analyzes the key drivers for enhancing recycling rates. The chapter provides insights into the entire recycling process, from curbside collection to material recovery facilities and how various materials are processed for recycling. It discusses challenges associated with common packaging materials (paper, glass, metals, and plastics) and the complexities of recycling composite materials. An interview with a recycling industry expert offers practical perspectives on sustainable recycling practices for businesses, highlighting cost-effective approaches and the evolving landscape in the wake of the pandemic. The chapter also addresses the issue of variability in recycling laws and practices, emphasizing the need for consistent regulations. Overall, the chapter offers a comprehensive overview of the complexities, innovations, and strategies associated with end-of-life management of materials.
