ABSTRACT
By the end of 1919, perceptions had hardened and preferred counter-policies had crystallised, and thereafter fundamental assumptions were no longer materially changed, only further elaborated. Reassessments of Bolshevism and of liberal collectivism were limited in scope and impact, and changes in the general constellation were taken more as further corroboration of positions already fixed than as new or unexpected developments requiring realignments of thought. Liberals therefore almost universally, though with gradations bom out of their settled differences of emphasis, welcomed the signs of change. They seemed indicative of a self-induced moderation that removed much of the previous rationale for anti-Bolshevism. In the United States the League of Free Nations Association and the socialist anti-Bolsheviks were still in favour of the organisation, although they, too, were becoming concerned lest its social reformist promise was inflated.
