ABSTRACT
Utilitarians would say a society based on these principles of distributive justice would tend to produce a stronger economic system than one based on racial discrimination. Businesses which hire the best qualified people will produce better products, provide better services to customers and increase productivity. Economic prosperity will produce more happiness for a greater number. So utilitarians have strong reasons for supporting a society based on individual merit, once basic needs have been met. Such a society could not be racist. The bias against women even reaches into our scientific research and theories. Carol Gilligan, for example, has argued convincingly that modern theories of moral education and morality are gender-biased. Women’s morality differs both in form and substance from masculine morality. Women’s morality is one of care and benevolence rather than justice. Women’s morality differs from masculine morality in form as well as content.
