ABSTRACT
This chapter attempts to go beyond descriptions and delves into what are known as “explanations.” After reviewing the most commanding theoretical efforts to explain radicalization and uncovering their pitfalls, a particular hypothesis will be put forward to explain radicalization, based on the notions of moral structure, social control, community and strong convictions. The connection and distinction between cognitive and behavioral radicalization will also be addressed. In terms of constructive criticism of prevailing theories, pyramidal models will be specially studied; bipyramidal models, which separate thought and action, as well as the Attitudes-Behavior Corrective (ABC) model. Ángel Gómez Jiménez’s notions of the identity fusion and the devoted actor will also be considered. Adequately explaining radicalization is not only an academic undertaking, but an essential prerequisite in the design of effective prevention programs. The effectiveness of these programs, in turn, must also be evaluated. Sometimes programs may be effective, but their implementation not carried out correctly. On other occasions, programs may be based on false assumptions about the factors that drive radicalization and therefore cannot prevent it.
