ABSTRACT
In the martyrology of Soviet Jewry and in their collective memory, the construction of which is presented in the chapter titled “Jewish Communism versus Bolshevik anti-Semitism”, Jews appear among the victims of Stalin and the Bolshevik regime. The Polish Zionist Ju. B. Margolin was in various labour camps of the Soviet Union from 1940 to 1945 as a Polish citizen. In addition, before the outbreak of the war, Margolin went back to Poland from Jerusalem to visit his relatives. The anti-Jewish measures of the Stalinist system of the post-war period were not total and were not racist. The reservation of Stalinism after the Great Patriotic War meant the return to the pre-war years’ practices, including the Great Terror. The post-war cementing of the Stalinist system inevitably led to the anti-cosmopolitan and no doubt often anti-Jewish elite campaigns.
