ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the wide variety and scope of learning communities (LCs) and proposes an LC typology that can be used to stimulate effective structural organization in planning for LCs. Diplomatic LCs might focus on resolving boundary disputes, proposing agreements to end a war, or negotiating trade agreements. Economic LCs might focus on developing more equitable insurance longevity tables, figuring out economic crises, or solving poverty issues. LCs within the different membership types may be used and organized in a variety of ways. The primary facet of membership has a large, complex array of LC subtypes, and unique design factors apply for each subtype. Learning circles are small groups of people who meet regularly, with no particular leader, to discuss particular problems, issues, or concerns. Professional learning communities (PLCs) exist outside of educational settings, but the learning in those PLCs does not focus on student learning.
