ABSTRACT
Contemporary globalisation has accelerated the transformation of heritage areas, often leading to the replacement of existing social classes with higher-income groups, a phenomenon referred to as gentrification. Alongside gentrification, the process of “touristification“ has also played a role in altering the character of heritage places. While these are distinct processes, they often occur simultaneously and have become increasingly antagonistic. Gentrification involves the renewal of urban areas by the middle class, often leading to the displacement of working-class residents. Public administrators and private investors collaborate to enhance land values and attract tourists and the middle class. In the twentieth century, urban sociologist Ruth Glass coined the term “gentrification,” and similar transformations occurred in the United States. Gentrification is often intertwined with heritage conservation efforts, and investment in heritage areas can lead to urban regeneration. However, it can also result in the displacement of original populations and contribute to societal polarisation. The combination of touristification and gentrification has drastically altered the social fabric of historic centres in Europe and beyond. This transformation has been likened to a new form of colonialism and has led to conflicts between different models of gentrification.
