ABSTRACT
Sacred heritage holds immense significance, exemplified by Jerusalem, which has been a spiritual and cultural hub for ages. Throughout history, sacred sites have served as the focal points for communities' cultural and spiritual lives, predating the modern concept of heritage. These sites, representing diverse religions, compose about 20% of UNESCO's World Heritage List. Sacred heritage encompasses temples, synagogues, churches, mosques, and natural sites, reflecting various faiths. Pilgrimages to these sites involve unique management due to their spiritual functions. Often inhabited by religious communities, these sites necessitate rules that respect traditions. Access restrictions, like gender or faith-based limitations, are common. Religious pilgrimage traditions, like the Hajj and Kumbh Mela, further necessitate specialised management. Economic potential has led to the creation of religious “theme parks,” recreating sacred places for commercial gain, sometimes sparking ethical debates. The interaction between heritage and religious practices can be contentious. Balancing secular and spiritual uses at heritage sites can lead to alienation from the original stakeholders. Religious sites have also been the centre of conflicts throughout history, often serving political agendas. Controversies continue, such as at the Alhambra in Granada and Agya Sophia in Istanbul. The complex interplay between heritage and spirituality remains a critical issue in today's world.
