ABSTRACT
Since 2012, when the Ugandan army defeated Joseph Kony's Lord's Resistance Army and its remnants fled to the neighbouring Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Uganda has experienced relative peace. In the following month, the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), a Ugandan-born rebel group affiliated with the Islamic State that has been operating in the DRC since the 1990s, carried out three separate attacks in the capital and its surrounding area. In response, the Ugandan People's Defence Force launched a joint operation with the Congolese forces against the ADF in the DRC in November 2021. Within Uganda, insecurity has returned in recent years to the northeastern region of Karamoja, where pastoralism is prevalent. The area, known as the 'northern cattle corridor', is at the border between Kenya, South Sudan and Uganda and has been marginalised by the state since colonial times.
