ABSTRACT
There were two competing images: Napoleon as Saviour, whose memory was fostered by those who suffered most under the Restoration regimes – loyal Bonapartists, veterans of the Grand Armée who had lost everything with the overthrow of Napoleon, liberals in Italy, Germany and Poland who looked to Napoleon for what he had brought their countries; and Napoleon the Antichrist fostered by die-hard royalists who hated Napoleon for what he stood for – war, death, the imprisonment of the Pope, the overthrow of monarchs. There was an enormous gap between these two images – the cult of Napoleon and the black legend. In the following excerpts, we get a taste of the dislike if not the hatred some people felt for Napoleon. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781032618814/e9ac31eb-0a68-4fdc-b417-e6e5b1e67c6c/content/fig27_Unfig_001.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
