ABSTRACT

Perception gives us access to the world by means of a variety of sense modalities: not just by seeing (which has dominated the philosophical, psychological and neuroscientific discussion of perception), but by hearing, touching, smelling, and tasting, for example. And we should not generalize from vision to all these other sense modalities because there are significant differences between them.

Further, these sense modalities don’t work independently from one another: they influence each other at the earliest possible stages of perceptual processing. As a result, multimodal perception is the norm, not the exception, which should take us even further from the exclusive focus on vision in the (philosophical, psychological, and neuroscientific) study of perception.