ABSTRACT
Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin and Emperor Tojo of Japan are two shocking examples people who have the facts and do not act on them. Others opt for delaying action until all the facts are in, but one of the brute facts of human existence is that no one is ever in full possession of the facts. To make matters worse: almost all the bits of information that are considered to be facts can turn out, upon further investigation, to be false—which is to say that decisions of what to do must invariably be made under some degree of uncertainty. With facts there are decisions to make and actions to take but the facts don’t make our decisions and perform our actions for us. We do.
