ABSTRACT
In the fourth chapter, the author explores the concept of “recognition” and “oneness” through a binocular vision that combines speculative and psychoanalytic perspectives. Drawing on Hegel's notion of recognition, which inspired Lacan and relational psychoanalysis, the author contends that all psychological suffering, including arrogance, arises from experiences of non-recognition. Arrogance is seen as the antithesis of recognition and a common manifestation of “evil”. While the extension of psychoanalysis beyond its specific field of treating mental suffering warrants caution, the author acknowledges Freud's contributions to critical theory in society. Freud's political writings, such as “The Future of an Illusion” and “Civilization and Its Discontents”, continue to offer insightful reflections on contemporary issues.
