ABSTRACT
This chapter details how the British and French governments controlled their populations even as the public grew increasingly tired of the war and the rising cost of living. British politicians worried about the threat of radical agitation in the industrial city of Glasgow. In 1916 British policymakers reorganized Military Operations Section 5 into Military Intelligence Section 5, with a larger staff and a directive to aggressively fine, arrest, and prosecute dissidents. In France, the immediate military threat posed by the Germans ensured that anti-war agitators remained on the fringe. The French government maintained a light hand in dealing with dissidents, but it expanded its surveillance and punishment powers.
