ABSTRACT
Aero-space technology, defined in its broadest sense, synergistically employs the scientific knowledge of almost all disciplines. For example, modern spacecraft comprise state-of-the-art metallic and composite materials, avionics and computer systems, optics, propulsion, and energy systems. Space management operations centres use the most advanced planning and management techniques. The health and performance of astronauts and cosmonauts are monitored and controlled by advanced life science techniques. Many of these cutting-edge technologies have originally been developed for military and civilian space programmes and then ‘spun-off’ for other applications.
