ABSTRACT
MINING affords an illuminating example of the contrasted methods by which development was brought about in Malaya and Indonesia. In Malaya the government made an important contribution to the efficient development of mining through the controls exercised over operating conditions. In Indonesia, at any rate in the older branches of mining, the government went much further and from early times it assumed responsibility for the actual conduct of many undertakings. In the latter country the State's entrepreneurial functions were extensive, and in some fields dominating, whereas in the former country the State confined itself to assisting and regulating the activities of private concerns.
