ABSTRACT
This chapter and the next will be devoted to industrial activity, dealing respectively with changes in the extractive and in the manufacturing industries. Any such study must, however, start with a brief outline of the connexion between the two, since the extractive industries depend largely on the level of activity in manufacturing industries. I shall then enquire what changes have taken place in the exploitation of natural resources, and discuss the causes of growth. Finally I shall take a look at the consequences of this growth. I shall be dealing only with the non-communist, developing countries because the structural characteristics which interest us operate only in these countries. The output of extractive industries in non-communist, under-developed countries, as we shall see, is destined almost exclusively for export, which is not so in China or the other communist under-developed countries.
