ABSTRACT
Establishment of the English factories by the Treaty of 1654—Hostility of the Portuguese officials — Question of the English Conservador—The Religious Question—Powers of the English consul — Internal difficulties of the factories—Their constitution—Relations of the consuls of Lisbon, Oporto, and Madeira — The duties of the factories—Their superintendence of general trade—The development of trade —Exports to Portugal — Cloth, provisions—Colonial trade—The Newfoundland fish trade—Its difficulties—Returns from Portugal — The Brazil trade—English privileges—Discovery of the Brazil gold mines—Portuguese jealousy—Rivalry of Dutch, English, and French—Export of bullion—The slave trade — Its connection with Brazil — Rising trade in wine—Oporto factory concerned in export of wine — Difficulties of English trade — Complaints — Growing irritation in Portugal against the English factories.
