ABSTRACT
In Japan's traditional arts and crafts, students selected a school of practice represented by a leader, the iemoto (literally "foundation of the house"). Each school had an entrenched and specific approach to the subject; they expected students to wholeheartedly embrace the school's entire set of rules and practices. Because learning came through imitation of others following the same path, the schools emphasized training the hand and eye to learn fundamental concepts, in contrast to Western forms of education, which emphasized intellectual study of fundamentals. Although architectural education is sometimes seen as close to arts education in the West, training for Japan's nascent profeSSion understandably followed Western educational patterns at first.
