New Course of the CCP: From Permanent Revolution to the Tactics of Collaboration

The Chinese Communists were considering the question of their relationship with Sun Yat-sen as early as the First Party Congress in July 1921. According to one of the participants, Dong Biwu, the presence at the Congress of the ECCI representative Maring meant that the decisions of the Second Comintern Congress on national and colonial questions became known to all delegates. ⁴³ A secretary of the Second Congress’s Commission on national and colonial questions and a former activist of the Communist movement in the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), Maring had substantial experience with national revolutionaries. At the First CCP Congress he informed the participants about his own activities on Java, ⁴⁴ aimed at cooperation with Nationalists.