ABSTRACT
was a period of astonishing transition in the history of Bahrain. When he became ruler, the world of the Gulf was as it had been for generations; at the end of his rule, Bahrain had led the Gulf into the twentieth century. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029818/ed822e2f-1b79-49f0-90b2-9eeb7790f2f8/content/fig1_1_C.jpg" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
