ABSTRACT
According to the Prophet, the best horses are black (adham) with white stars (qurha) and three white feet (muhajjal ath-thalath) whose right front leg is free of whiteness (talq alyamin). If the horse is not black, then let it be dark bay (kumayt) with the above characteristics. (Hilyat al-Fursan, p. 93) https://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table">
black ears
tatrif [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Tatrif is the quality of having black ears when the rest of the coat is grey.
(horse with) black ears
mutarraf al-’ udhnayn [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_2_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
black lips
dagham [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_3_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Daghm describes a marking in which the lips are black and the rest of the coat is a colour other than black.
(horse with) black lips
adgham [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_4_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
blaze
sayyala: sayyal [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_5_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(broad) blaze
sayyala ‘arida [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_6_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(broken) blaze
sayyala maqtu’a [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_7_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
blaze which descends to nostrils but not lips
shimrakh [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_8_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
According to Mohammed Pasha, cited by Mercier, if the blaze runs towards the nose it promises posterity, blessing and success. If it is interrupted before the nose, however, it promises the opposite.
(horse with) shimrakh
agharr shimrakhi [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_9_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
blaze which slopes towards one cheek
latima [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_10_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
According to Mohammed Pasha, if the blaze slopes towards the right, it is a bad omen; if it slopes towards the left, however, it promises booty.
(horse with) latima
latim [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_11_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
crescent
hilal – ahilla [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_12_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If the white marking on the face leans over to one side it is called hilal.
(horse with) hilal
mihallal [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_13_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
dorsal stripe: list
sahaba [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_14_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) sahaba
sahabi [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_15_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
face free of white
asamm [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_16_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Asamm is also used to describe the body free of any white markings.
(horse with) forelock with strands of white or white across top of forelock
as’af [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_17_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Sa’af, the quality of having white across the top of the forelock, is considered a fault in horses.
free of white markings
mutlaq [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_18_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
free of white markings in the forelegs
mutlaq il-iden [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_19_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
free of white markings in the hindlegs
mutlaq ir-riglen [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_20_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) mane/tail with strands of white
mukhassal [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_21_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
A horse is mukhassal when his mane or tail is partly white and partly a second colour.
marking
shiya – shiyat [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_22_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
one leg free of white
shikal [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_23_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
or diagonal white legs
mashkul [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_24_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If a horse has socks on one foreleg and an opposite hindleg, or if he has three socks, he is called shikal; also called shipraz in Iraq. This marking is disliked and considered unlucky by the Arabs. According to Lady Anne Blunt (Journals and Correspondence) it is because Hussein, son of Ali, was killed fording the Euphrates at Kufa while riding a shikal horse. Ibn Qutayba says that the Prophet himself already disliked this marking.
ring
halqa [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_25_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
When the white marking on a horse’s face is round and another colour is in the middle, then the marking is called halga,’ring’.
(horse with) halqa
muhallaq [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_26_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
snip on lower lip
lamaz: lumza [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_27_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
’azz an-najid [RB]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_28_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
A small whiteness in the lower lip. The ’azz an-najid is considered unlucky by the Rwala Bedouins.
(horse with) lumza
almaz [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_29_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
snip on upper lip
rasma [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_30_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
rathma [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_31_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
A small whiteness in the upper lip.
(horse with) rathrrn
artham [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_32_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If the horse has a small bit of white on the upper lip, he is artham. Where this marking coincides with an uninterrupted blaze, the horse is described as agharr artham.
(horse with) rathma and lumza
artham almaz [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_33_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
sock
hagl [E[
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_34_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
According to the Arabs, the hagl reaches a third, half, or two-thirds of the lower leg. It does not reach the knee or the hock.
(horse with) sock asbagh [CA]
(horse with) sock
ashagh [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_35_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
When the whole fetlock and only the whole fetlock is white the horse is called asbagh.
(horse with four) socks
mihaggil [E[
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_36_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The horse has four socks il-husan mihaggil [E] https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_37_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Among the ‘Otabe emhajjel el-arba’ [’Ot] https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_38_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Some Arabs say that a horse is mihaggil (muhajjal [CA]) when he has four socks, while others (including Ibn Hudhayl) say that the mihaggil (muhajjal [CA]) has socks only on the hind legs.
(horse with three) socks
emhajjeleth-thalath [’ Ot]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_39_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
When the horse has three socks and one right leg of the same colour as the body, the ‘Otabe say he is: emhajjel eth-thalath tilg al-imin,; https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_40_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
When the mare has three socks and the right foreleg of the same colour as the body, the Rwala say she is: mehajjelat ath-thalathe mutlegat al .yemin https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_41_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
In Classical Arabic, when the horse has three socks and a foreleg the same colour as the rest of the body he is: muhajjal thalath mutlaq yad https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_42_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
In Classical Arabic, when the horse has three socks and a hindleg the same colour as the rest of the body he is: muhajjal thalath mutlaq rift https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_43_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with one) sock
mumsak [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_44_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Where one fore- or hindleg has a white sock and not the other.
(hind) sock
rajal [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_45_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The rajal is disliked by the Arabs when it occurs on its own. However, if any other white occurs with it it is not disliked. Raja! is also described as white pastern.
(horse with one hind) sock (or white pastern)
arpl [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_46_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
small star
qurha [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_47_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
When the star on the horse’s forehead is as small as, or smaller than a dirham, then it is described as a qurha. The Arabs consider the qurha to be unlucky, unless it is accompanied by white on some other part of the horse. If the horse does have the smallest amount of white on some other part, however, the marking is considered a praise-worthy sign. The qurha is considered particularly praise-worthy when accompanied by the rajal marking (hind sock or white pastern).
qurha
aqrah [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_48_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
star
nigma – at [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_49_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
nijma – at [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_50_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
ghurra
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_51_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
According to the Arabs, if the white on the face is larger than the size of a dirham, then it is called either ghurra or nigma. Ibn Hudhayl says that the term ghurra is used generally for any white on the face the size of, or larger than, a dirham. When the star is round and the shape of the Arabic letter ha’, it is said to be a good omen. If the hairs of the star are a bit thick this presages good and well-being.
(horse with) ghurra
agharr [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_52_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
star which fills brow
shadikha [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_53_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
star which spreads then narrows
i ’ usfur [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_54_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The ‘usfur does not descend below the eyes.
stocking
gubba [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_55_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
jubba [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_56_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
jabab [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_57_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
tajbib [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_58_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) stockings
migabbib [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_59_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If the white of the tahgil reaches the knee of the foreleg or the hock of the hindleg, then the horse is migabbib (mujabbab [CA]).
(horse with) stockings on forelegs only
a’ sam [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_60_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) wall eye
akhyaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_61_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
A horse is described as akh_vaf when one of his eyes is blue (wall) and the other black.
(horse with) white back
arhal [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_62_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If the horse has a white back from birth, he is called arhal; if, however, the whiteness is a result of a saddle sore, etc., he is musarrad https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_126_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>.
(horse with) white back of head
aqnaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_63_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white belly
anbat [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_64_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white coronet
arjul [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_65_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
According to the Arabs, an arjul horse is one which has no white except for a small bit on its leg around the coronet.
(horse with) white croup
azar [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_66_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white ears
dhur’a [CA] 51
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_67_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Dhur’a is described as the quality of having white ears or other points when the rest of the coat is not of that colour. This does not apply, however, when the coat is grey. The quality of having white ears when the coat is grey is not qualified by any particular word.
(horse with) dhur’a
adhra’ [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_68_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white on extremity of pastern
murt’al [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_69_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white face where white does not reach eyes
mubarqi’a [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_70_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) mubarq’a
agharr mubarqa’ [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_71_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white face and four white legs
mikhammis [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_72_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white flank
akhsaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_73_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(with) white right flank
akhsaf al-yamin [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_74_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(with) white left flank
akhsaf al-yasar [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_75_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white forelegs to elbows
aqfaz [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_76_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The agfaz has the hindlegs free of white markings.
white forecannons
waqf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_77_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
tawqif [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_78_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Waqf and tawqif is where the white marking on the forecannons reaches neither the upper part of the legs nor the pasterns.
waqf
muwaqqaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_79_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with entire) white forelock or (horse with) white (at end of) tail
asbagh [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_80_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The quality of having a white tail, sabagh, is considered a fault in horses.
(horse with) white head, neck and withers
adhra’ [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_81_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white-headed horse
aghsha [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_82_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
arkham [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_83_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white legs up to body
ablaq misrul [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_84_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
ablaq misarwal [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_85_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
If the white goes beyond the knee in the foreleg or the hock in the hindleg, then the horse is misrul or misarwal. For some Arabs, musarwal [CA] (misarwal [E]) means a black-legged horse, but this is rare.
white (fore) pastern
qayd [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_86_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) qayd
muqayvad [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_87_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white (hind) pasterns
khulkhal – khalakhil [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_88_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
takhdim [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_89_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) khulkhal
mikhalkhil [E]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_90_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
mukhalkhal [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_91_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
mukhaddam [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_92_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
akhdam [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_93_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white pastern reaching hoof
mukhaddab [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_94_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) white poll
aqnaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_95_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white spot
nishan – niyashin [RB]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_96_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
The nishan is a white spot on either the forehead or legs.
white spot on left fore-and right hindleg
jebras [RB ]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_97_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
This marking is considered to be unlucky by the Rwala. From the description it is similar to the unlucky marking shikal.
white spot on head
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_98_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white spot on right fore
leg yad al-katib [RB]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_99_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
(horse with) suq’a
asqa’ [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_100_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Asqa’ is also defined as white-headed (Ibn Hudhayl) and with white on top of head (Ibn Qutayba).
white spotted in the upper part of the ears
muwaqqaf [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_101_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
white across tail
sha’al [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_102_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Sha’al is considered to be a fault in horses.
(horse with) white across tail
ash’al [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_103_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
Whorls
da’ ira – dawa’ ir [CA]
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315029917/e8d7f650-47e3-4f82-a4f5-e32f641fe354/content/fig3_104_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
