ABSTRACT
https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315037257/b1a99e0e-3abc-4f17-9d5d-f6711415cb3a/content/inline1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>For the last half century, Egypt has considered itself to be part of the Arab world. This was not always the case. Until Mohammed Ali consolidated his rule, and long afterwards, the majority of the inhabitants of Egypt considered themselves first and foremost as Muslims and subjects of the Ottoman Sultan. Mohammed Ali and his successors endeavored, with some success, to imbue those whom they ruled with the idea that they were first and foremost Egyptians. This was obviously done in the interests of their dynasty.
