Sadly, the picture of confusions painted by the above quotation is perhaps the only certain element in the dyslexia field. That is, dyslexia is a subject about which much is written but little is agreed. The most cursory glance at the literature reveals disagreements, inconsistencies and discrepancies related to the incidence, aetiology, definition, identification and remediation of the problem. This chapter will first present the historical background to the debate about dyslexia, with reference to current research. It will then look at definitions and consider the problems of identifying who is, and who is not, dyslexic. The chapter will provide an overview of the major remediation techniques used, and the implications of the research on remediation for educational practice will be considered.