ABSTRACT
This chapter considers the facts concerning differences in disease and death rates between Negroes and whites. It shows that the reporting of deaths and the designation of a cause of death are very inadequate. The question of innate racial differences seems to have cropped up mainly with reference to tuberculosis and pneumonia-influenza. Ascertaining the differences between Negroes and whites in respect to physical traits involves not only measurements of Negroes but also the establishment of a "standard" set of measurements of whites. The white population most often used for furnishing a standard set of measurements of whites has been Hrdlicka's Old Americans. Most of the physical differences between Negroes and whites may be directly translated into terms of esthetic valuation, capacity for physical labor, and bodily healthiness. Obvious culture inferiorities, existing in the Negro population, made an inference back to innate cultural capacities not only opportune but also easy and, in fact, to be expected.
