ABSTRACT
JUST as there is a multiplicity of causes and origins for war, so the abilities of generals, the localities, and the opportunities must be considered with some forethought. Therefore, when castles or cities1 are situated in rivers or in the waters of a lake, fortified with piles, stakes, beams, and iron chains hanging all round from the tops of the stakes, and there are likewise impassable ramparts and gates, loyal and capable governors or commanders customarily set mortars on board stout, wide rafts in order to discharge fire at the beleaguered inmates and then to kill with stone cannonballs those who are busy putting the fire out.2
