ABSTRACT
A most convenient way of strengthening the foundations beneath castles, towers, or walls is furnished by the actual evenness and durability of the ice. When ropes and pulley wheels have been set up in different places among tall beams, a massive, heavy weight is suspended ready to fall sharply and is then let go by the hands of the workmen. By this means iron-pointed piles, made from the kinds of wood I have described, are driven deep down into the bottom, very carefully placed in position in a long row, according to whatever method and number seem adequate.1
