ABSTRACT

Tin-mining at the present day may be divided into the following various forms: (i) Open-cast mining (a) with trucks and rails (b) by hand labour only. (ii) Gravel pumping (a) with water under pressure, (b) with water without

pressure. / (iii) Hydraulicing, (a) using water under natural pressure, (b) using water

under arti cial pressure, (c) using water without pressure. (iv) Dredging by (a) buckets, (b) suction cutters. (v) Sha ing (a) in lodes,1 (b) in alluvial ground. (vi) “Dulang” or panning.