This chapter discusses the archaeology of the Pacific Coast from the Alaskan panhandle to Baja California. Its rich and diverse maritime environments provided a likely corridor for early immigrants. It subsequently produced many unique cultural adaptations. The complex mosaic of environmental settings later hosted an array of native speakers whose languages belonged to more than two dozen ancient language families. The rich maritime resources of the Northwest Coast allowed the emergence of permanent settlements and chiefdoms, despite the absence of farming. These developments were underway by the second century bce. Cedar-plank architecture and distinctive traditions of wood carving and painting became hallmarks of Northwest Coast cultures. The region is well known for its totem poles and decorated plank houses. In California the environmental mosaic fostered the development of small specialized cultures, also in the absence of farming. Notable technological traditions in fiber, shell, and stone, as well as specialized subsistence economies, were followed by many of these groups. Baja California was a cul-de-sac throughout prehistory that was populated primarily by hunter-gatherers who continued ancient adaptations and rock art throughout prehistory.