ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book describes a successful speaker as one who is able to use linguistic, strategic, pragmatic and discourse competence as appropriate for a particular goal, at a particular language level, as defined by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It explores the lexical aspects of linguistics contexts by exploring the most frequent words, the keywords and the three- and four-word chunks used at each level. The book analyses learner language for evidence of the CEFR's production and interaction strategy descriptors. It shows that discourse markers (DMs) are an important feature of discourse competence at all levels. The book also analyses components of successful speech act data within a corpus containing examples of request and apology language from non-native speakers (NNS) and native speakers (NS) in an academic setting.
