ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses some methods and results of research into the process of translation, and also examines some new experimental methods of researching the process of translating, such as keylogging or eye tracking, and neuro-linguistic studies for translation. Introspective and verbal report data are oral productions by translators elicited while they are in the process of translation or immediately afterwards. Physiological measures directly record stress, frustration, arousal and other types of emotion that might occur during the translation process. Over two-thirds of neuro-imaging studies on laterality and language switching and mixing use single words as stimuli, for instance in picture-naming experiments where subjects are asked to switch on command. In Paradis' model, the pragmatics of two languages involved in both bilingualism and translation encompasses and feeds into both the conceptual system and the different language levels. Paradis' theory clearly supports the concept of the cultural filter in covert translation with its hypothesized complete switch to the target language pragmatic norms.
