ABSTRACT
In 1712, New York urban and rural slaves and free blacks chose priestly power, naming and rebellion to express Gold Coast ideations of freedom and “revenge themselves, for … hard usage.” From distant Atlantic thoroughfares of West and Central Africa, the Caribbean and mainland America, Afro-Atlantic womanhood was much more variable than the label “pregnant conspirator” suggested. Enslaved women drew upon African ideations in recreating and inventing oppositional identities and personhoods to imagine and enact strategies of collaboration and resistance to gender and racial slavery in American environs. Large crowds attended her burning, and many followers of Antonianism beliefs declared non-citizen were among those captured and sold in subsequent civil wars. In the decades that followed, Dutch and Portuguese slavers imported most to Brazil and Curacao. English shippers brought their share to Jamaica, Barbados and the mainland despite opposition of “Catholic” slaves at “Protestant ports.”.
