ABSTRACT
Typically moral pluralism is associated with moral dilemmas. For moral pluralism implies that there is more than one ultimate moral principle. This chapter shows that though an important source of moral dilemmas, it is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition of moral dilemmas. Moral perfectionism can be combined with moral pluralism, for there may be more than one perfectionist goal that commands one's allegiance. But moral perfectionism can be an independent source of moral dilemmas and for the denial of the closure view even if it is treated as a single value moral theory. Gandhi said that even in cases of necessity, violence (which he believed to be always wrong) cannot be justified but only defended on grounds of expediency in the sense of necessity. Gandhi was strongly committed to the denial of the view that the ends justify the use of evil means.
