ABSTRACT
Theory of change (ToC) is used by philanthropic, Non-Governmental Organisations and government organisations when planning projects. Both the ToC and Logical Frameworks aim to provide a structure to projects and how they will lead to results. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is developed as part of the ToC model and provides evidence to raise awareness and promote debate about the efficiency of public programmes and projects. M&E promotes accountability, as many donor projects are publicly funded and ultimate accountability to governments who provide international development funding needs to be justified. At local level, M&E is an ongoing process to allow the project team to check they are meeting targets, provide evidence to motivate and celebrate successes with teams, support the evidence for change, provide accountability to stakeholders and funders and identify strong and weak areas. Reviewing and recognising new factors influencing M&E provides valuable information which can be used in future ToC models.
