ABSTRACT

Conflict represents a recognizable and significant disagreement of ideas or interests between two or more parties. The severity of a conflict can range from minor problems to full-scale wars. A crisis requires the active participation of the organization’s leadership in solving the problem. Minimizing an organization’s risks, managing issues to prevent a crisis from happening, and image repair strategies have received much-needed attention. Environmental scanning, an external activity, objective scrutiny of an organization’s outside environment. This monitoring activity looks for problems faced by the organization, by similar organizations, and even by organizations in other industries. Some researchers view organizational responses as a continuum from defensive to accommodative strategies. Depending on the intensity of the crisis, including situations with ongoing threats to human safety, the organization’s top leadership should meet frequently with reporters through news conferences. The organization’s website can be especially helpful in creating distinct messages for the public’s and can be used to interact with individuals through e-mail.